The "Tash Rabat" stone fortress is situated on the one of the most important pathways of the Great Silk road. This is one of the famous architectural monuments of the country. By hypothesis of scientists it was built in the Middle Ages and it was a shelter for trade caravans following from China through the Tien-Shan Mountains to Europe. The fortress looks like some typical ancient edifices of Central Asia, however there are clay mouldings and remains of frescos on the ceiling of central cupola. Its height gets up to 20m. The external walls are near 2,5m thick and internal walls are near 1,5m thick. The fortress premises consist of three parts: a huge central hall with cupola, a long corridor and 31 rooms. They are situated on each side of the corridor. Every room has ceiling window for illumination and for fire smoke to get out.

  Petrogliphs are found out on glades in different regions of the country at various mountain heights. Pictures on the stones image animals, people, ancient hunting, ritual acts etc. Scientists explain these like art and philosophy works of painters of ancient tribes, which inhabited this territory in 1-2 centuries.

  Since antiquity till our time the nomad-shepherds have been using their traditional hut for family habitation. It is called yurta. Basically yurta is a transformable wooden framework covered with wide pieces of white sheep felt. It is comfortable for transportation during yearly season wandering and it is appropriate for accommodation of the whole family. Yurta is used for everything: to rest, to sleep, to eat, to receive guests etc. It customarily separates on men's and women's parts. Men hang shepherd's equipment and clothes on the left side from the entrance and women arrange kitchen equipment, provision and their clothes on the right side from the entrance.

  The easternmost town of the country, the Karakol town, is situated at the altitude 1770m on the bottom of the Central Tien-Shan Mountains next to the seacoast of the Issyk-Kul lake. It was based in 1869 on the place of a military fortification and now there are about 70 thousands inhabitants in the town. One of cultural values of the town is the Moslem Mosque constructed with characteristic features of Buddhistic architecture and it was built in the end 19th century from wood without using any metal nail. Another historical value is a wooden Orthodox cathedral of the "Sacred Three". This temple is an example of Russian wooden architecture style. Also there is a small park in 12 km from the town where there is a tomb and memorial of N. Przhevalskij, a member of Russian Geography Society, a pioneer-researcher of Central Asia.

  A piece of bread and a cup of sour milk are traditional treat for a casual guest or wayfarer. Mountain nomads bake two kinds of bread. Everyday unleavened bread made of coarse flour, called "nan". Festive white flour bread prepared in boiling vegetable oil is called "boorsok". Nomad-shepherds seldom use fresh milk, but they widely use fermented dairy products of cow milk and of mare milk. Soured by especial method, mare milk is called "kumys" and it has spirituous percentage as beer has.

  Many-hours long solo performance of the legendary epos "Manas" stands out from all the folklore variety. The epos is more than a thousand years old but before 1856 it had existed only in an oral form and had passed from generation to generation by gifted performers - "akyn". Performing of the epos is very emotional with a lot of gesticulations and often with fingering of stringed traditional instrument - "komuz".

  Since ancient times women of nomadic tribes have been making felt manually. They still are using this peculiar method to process black and white sheep raw-fleece. Large pieces of felt are used to cover yurta, small ones are used to make multicolor carpets and mats with original Kyrgyz pattern applying the natural dyestuffs of cherry, onion, oak rind etc.

  In the 10-th century a powerful state of Karakhanids was established on the territory of Central Asia. The extant artefact Burana Tower was a sentry tower and minaret of the ancient state capital. Ruins of three octahedral mausoleums of the city's rulers were found in the southeast from the tower. There are a lot of archaeological finds from ancient city in a small barrack next to the tower. Also there is a field with stone idols - "bal-bal" to the northwest from the tower.